The potential legalization of non-original spare parts used in imported equipment in Russia has sparked intense debate among government officials and industry representatives. As this issue was discussed at the Expert Council of the State Duma Committee on Industry and Trade, efforts were made to identify solutions to encourage local production for critical components. However, experts also highlighted the long-term risks of such measures.
Reverse Engineering as a Spare Part Solution
Reverse engineering, a method for creating design documentation from existing products to manufacture new spare parts, has gained traction in Russia since 2022. This development emerged due to sanctions that made it increasingly difficult to import equipment and parts.
However, it is emphasized that these practices fall into a “gray area” and could pose future legal and technical risks for both manufacturers and consumers.
Critical Warnings from Experts
Igor Babenko, an expert addressing mechanical issues in the oil and gas industry, highlighted the need for maintenance and spare parts for 17,000 imported compressors. “Local production has immense potential, but resources are being inefficiently utilized due to poor coordination,” Babenko stated.
It is also noted that some companies merely replicate outdated parts during the reverse engineering process, which can lead to technical malfunctions. “Improved parts that address deficiencies and offer advancements need to be created,” he added.
A Lack of Digital Platforms in the Industry
There is insufficient information sharing in the country’s production sector. “One factory may develop spare parts for a specific compressor, yet other companies duplicate these efforts, resulting in resource wastage.”
Many experts suggest establishing a platform to collect and share developments as a potential solution to this issue.
Legal and Ethical Dimensions
Russia currently lacks clear regulations on reverse engineering. According to Kirill Nikitin, a manager at the law firm VEGAS LEX, “The existing laws stipulate that reverse engineering efforts must not infringe patent rights.” However, the legal ambiguities in this field could amplify risks.
Russian authorities are supporting progress in this area by providing grants for nearly 350 projects through the Technological Development Agency. Nevertheless, experts argue that increased collaboration between the private and public sectors is essential.
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